Turbine



June 10, 1930. J HANZLlK 1,762,332

' TURBINE Filed Nov. 27, 1926 FigJ.

HA. HunzliK INVENTOR ATTORN EY WITNESS Patented June 10, 1930 UNITEDSTATES PATENT A OFFliCE HENRY J. HANZLIK, 0F SWARTHMORE, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNOR T0 WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC 8:. MANUFACTURING COMPANY, ACORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA TURBINE Application filed November 27, 1926.Serial No. 151,105.

My invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, and it has for itsobject to improve the operation and control thereof, more particularlyto prevent overspeeding of the turbine upon a sudden dropping of itsload.

In large turbine installations it has been found that overspeedingresults upon a sudden dropping of the load on the turbine. While thegoverning mechanism operates promptly to close the admission valve andturn ofl' the supply of motive fluid to the turbine, there may be storedwithin the casing large quantities of motive fluid under pressure, andthis fluid, in expanding, acts upon the rotor and causes an overspeedingor racing thereof. For example, the fluid in the high-pressure turbineof a compound turbine installation must pass through the low-pressureturbine to expand, and in doing so, it may act upon the low-pressureturbine.

One of the spaces in which motive fluid has collected is the spacebetween the blade carrying portion of the blade ring and the casing, orbetween the annular blade rows and the casing. Another is the spacebetween the dummy piston and the casing. In accordance with my inventionI fill these spaces to prevent a storing of motive fluid therein.

Apparatus embodying my invention is illustrated in the accompanylngdrawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a turbine; and,

Fig. 2 is a section of a blade ring taken along the line II-II of Fig.1.

Referring to the drawing in detail, I show a turbine 10 including acasing 11 and a rotor l2. Placed within the casing are blade rings orblade holding members 13. The blade holding members comprise an innerperipheral wall 21, in which the stationary blades 17 arefastened, anouter peripheral 1 Wall or portion 22, and side walls 23 and 2/1connecting the adjacent ends of the peripheral walls21 and 22. Thesewalls define a space which is substantially fluid tight.

One of the walls, preferably the outer peripheral wall, is provided withsome means for securing the ring member in the casing, such means beingshown in the present drawing as a flange 16 interlocking in a groove 15in the casing. As indicated in the drawing, these filler rings are soshaped that they occupy substantially the entire space between the bladespace and the casing, only suflicient space being allowed to provide forunequal expansion and ready assembly of the parts.

In order to allowthe hollow space within the rings to attainapproximately the pressure on the outside of the rings,I may providesmall openings 20. These openings are of such restricted size, however,that fluid cannot escape therethrough rapidly enough to race the rotor.

The dummy packing rings 14: are similarly constructed, comprising theperipheral walls 21 and 22 and the side walls 28 and 24:. These ringscarry the stationary ele ments of the packing 18, cooperating with thepacking elements carried by the dummy piston 29. The rings 14 fill uppractically all the space between the dummy piston packing and thecasing.

Internal stiflening ribs or reinforcing webs 19 may be formed in thehollow portions of the rings around the circumference thereof. As shownin Fig. 2, the ring may be made in halves, secured together in anydesired manner. Preferably the halves are formed with flanges 26 attheir ends and with recesses 25 adjacent thereto, to accommodate bolts27 and nuts 28 which clamp the flanges 26 together.

From the above description, it will be a parent that I have reduced thespaces witldin the turbine in which motive fluid may be stored and thataccumulations of motive fluid are thereby avoided. Upon closing of theadmission valve, the small amount of motive fluid within the turbine isquickly expanded before racing the turbine.

It will also be apparent that the turbine will respond more rapidly toactions of the governor. Upon an opening movement of the admission valveby the governor, the increased amount and pressure of the motive fluidwill immediately act upon the blades instead of accumulating in deadspaces.

Upon decreased opening of the admission valve, the power output willimmediately drop instead of being maintained by accumulated motivefluid.

While I have shown my invention. in but one form, it will be obvious tothose skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptibleof various other changes and modifications, without departing from thespirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitationsshall be placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art or as arespecifically set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a turbine, the combination with a casing and a rotor spacedinteriorly thereof, of annuli of members encircling the rotor and hollowfiller rings each supporting a plurality of said annuli andsubstantially filling the space between the annuli and the casing,whereby accumulations of motive fluid in the casing are avoided.

2. In a turbine, the combination with a casing and a rotor spacedinteriorly thereof, I

space between the annuli and the casing,

whereby accumulations of motive fluid in the casing are avoided, eachof'said hollow filler rings spanning a plurality of said annuli.

3. A turbine including a casing, a rotor disposed therein and havingblades secured thereto, and a hollow blade-carrying ring or ringscarrying blades cooperating with the rotor blades, said ring or ringsspanning a plurality of rows of blades and occupying substantially allthe space between the blades carried thereby and the casing, and saidhollow space being substantially fluid tight.

4. A turbine including a casing, a rotor disposed therein carrying dummypacking elements, and a dummy ring or rings which carry cooperatingdummy packing elements and which occupy substantially all the spacebetween the dummy packing elements and the casing.

5. A blade ring comprising a blade-hold ing portion at its innerperiphery, a portion for attachment to the casing at its outerperiphery, and spaced connecting walls between saidtwo peripheralportions, the space between the walls being substantially fluid tight.

6. A blade ring comprising a blade-holding portion at its innerperiphery, a portion for attachment to the casing at its outerperiphery, and a hollow connecting portion between said two peripheralportions, the hollow space being substantially fluid tight.

7. A blade-holding ring member comprising an inner peripheralblade-carrying wall,

an outer peripheral wall having a flange for attachment to the casing,and side walls connecting the adjacent ends of the peripheral walls.

8. A turbine including a casing, a rotor and a ring member disposed inthe casing, said ring member comprising an inner peripheral wall havingelements extending from the wall, an outer peripheral wall adjacent tocasing, and side walls connecting the adjacent ends of the peripheralwalls.

9. A turbine including a casing, a rotor and a ring member disposed inthe casing, said ring member comprising an inner peripheral wall havingelements extending toward the rotor, an outer peripheral wall adjacentto casing having a flange engaging in a groove in the casing, and sidewalls connecting the adjacent ends of the periphera walls.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 15th dayof November, 1926.

HENRY J. HANZLIK.

